Is there a link between dry eye and menopause?

Hormonal changes during menopause can affect eye health, and many women experience dry eye. Explore how shifting hormone levels impact tears and the treatment options your eye doctor may recommend.

Medically reviewed on October 15, 2025

•

Published on February 10, 2026

•

3 minute read time

Background on menopause and dry eye

Research shows that women in general, but especially menopausal women with underlying health conditions, are at greater risk of developing dry eye disease. Symptoms can range from mild irritation to severe discomfort that can interfere with everyday activities. Women are more likely than men to develop dry eye syndrome at any age, and the risk increases with age. Menopause and perimenopause are critical periods when hormonal shifts can trigger or worsen dry eye symptoms.

How hormones impact your eyes

Hormones like estrogen and androgens play a key role in tear production. When hormone levels fluctuate or decline, as they do during menopause, it can cause changes in the quantity and quality of your tears.

Estrogen and Androgens

There are many published studies regarding hormones, the way they change over a lifetime, and their relationship to dry eye. It is clear that there is an association with hormonal changes and dry eye, but the exact mechanism is currently not fully understood.

Lacrimal glands

When hormone levels change, these glands may not produce enough tears, leading to symptoms like burning, itching, and a gritty feeling.

Cornea

Hormonal shifts can also cause changes in corneal thickness and shape, sometimes leading to changes in vision.

Possible treatments for menopause-related dry eye

Over-the-counter artificial tears

These drops help lubricate the eyes and can provide temporary relief from dryness and irritation. Applying these drops regularly, even before feeling dryness, can provide some relief and help prevent symptoms from worsening.

Medicated eye drops

For more severe dryness, your doctor might prescribe medicated eye drops that reduce inflammation and increase tear production.

Lifestyle changes

Using a humidifier at home adds moisture to the air, which can help prevent tears from evaporating too quickly
Staying well-hydrated supports tear production
Wearing wraparound sunglasses or goggles protects your eyes from wind and dry air, which can worsen dryness

Warm compresses

Applying a warm cloth over your eyelids can help open the oil glands and improve oil flow.

Other treatments

If your dry eye symptoms are severe enough, your doctor may suggest other treatments like prescription eye drops that target inflammation, or procedures like punctal plugs. Punctal plugs are tiny devices inserted into the tear drain to keep tears on the eye longer.

Questions about dry eye and menopause?

Whether you have menopause or not, if you notice persistent dryness, redness, or discomfort in your eyes, it’s time to see a healthcare professional. Untreated dry eye can be uncomfortable enough to affect your quality of life. Worsening symptoms should prompt a visit to an eye doctor. They can perform tests to assess tear production and quality and recommend appropriate treatments.

Find an eye doctor

FAQs

Frequently asked questions

Can menopause cause permanent damage to my eyes?

While menopause is associated with dry eye disease and blurred vision, it has not been shown to cause any permanent damage to the eye.

Are there specific signs that indicate my dry eye is worsening?

Yes. Increased redness, pain, blurry vision, or sensitivity to light are signs that your dry eye may be getting worse.

Do hormone therapies help with dry eye symptoms?

Hormone therapy’s effects on dry eyes are complex. Some treatments may help, while others, like estrogen-only therapy, may worsen dry eye. Always discuss options with your healthcare provider, and discuss any side effects you may have when undergoing treatment.

Can lifestyle changes improve dry eye symptoms?

Using humidifiers, staying hydrated, protecting your eyes outdoors, and avoiding smoke and wind can help reduce symptoms.

Is dry eye more common in women than men?

Yes. Women, especially during and after menopause are more prone to dry eye than men.

Are there natural remedies that help dry eyes?

Some find temporary relief from symptoms with warm compresses, but it’s best to consult your doctor before trying any natural remedies.

How often should I get my eyes checked?

It’s recommended to have a comprehensive eye exam at least once a year, but if you experience dry eye symptoms or other vision changes, make sure to schedule an appointment at that time.